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- Essay Name : 1447.txt
- Uploader :
- Email Address :
- Language : English
- Subject : History
- Title : Western Imperialism and Racism
- Grade : 89%
- School System : Illinois Public Skools
- Country : USA
- Author Comments : In text, I say "lake of sympathy" instead of "lack of sympathy"
- Teacher Comments : Very good, very dramatic
- Date : 11/23/96
- Site found at : Just Goofing off
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- In the age of Imperialism, world powers constantly tried to expand their
- boundaries. Much of the time they disregarded the native populations or created
- stereotypes around them that suited their colonial needs. Imperialism brought about a
- clash of cultures. Colonial European and Japanese power expanded into Asia and Africa.
- The British, French, Dutch and Americans considered themselves conquerors with an
- eminent right to expansion with domain over the native cultures. Their belief that they
- were above the people who lived in their colonial empires not only decreased mutual
- respect but also gave rise to a racist style of thinking.
- First, this colonial movement wiped out mutual respect between the colonial
- power and the previously sovereign state; the Europeans clung to it fiercely though.
- ôThis was not simply a matter of domination,ö says John Barraclough, author of An
- Introduction to Contemporary History. Although it may have been nothing more than a
- crude, militaristic, undermining need for power that drove the Europeans to colonize,
- they saw it differently. Europeans saw their massive expansion at the close of the
- nineteenth century as the opening of a new era. They thought they were bringing a
- greater civilization to the backward, non-white, non-European world (Barraclough 65).
- They saw it as their duty. If non-Europeans could not promote trade, influence
- their economy and create a better (as the Europeans believed), more relevant lifestyle
- then the colonial powers would have to do it for them. ôIt was useless to export
- European skills to backward countries without at the same time introducing European
- authorities to ensure their proper employment; since the native races were unable to
- maintain civilized rule themselves, the government of dependencies by the imperial
- powers was a necessity of the modern worldö (Barraclough 65).
- The Europeans sent out waves of emigrants to populate and control their new
- territories. This mix of cultures and ideals should have brought about a greater respect
- and understanding. New ideas and horizons should have been opened and explored.
- Unfortunately this great opportunity was squandered. It is evident that the Europeans
- saw themselves as superior. They took this belief to its full extent. Every facet of their
- life was deemed more suitable for civilization. They set out not to accept but to subdue
- and change. Imperialism, which should have brought the world closer together, only
- widened the gaps between its races and decreased their respect for one another.
- This cultural clash did everything to create and strengthen racist beliefs. In
- order to coerce a race or a nation they must be dehumanized. It is hard to kill someone
- with a name, a face or children. It is impossible to look into the eyes of someone you see
- as your brother and pull the trigger and end his life.
- Yet, if you thought of him as a dog you could do it. To see subservience in a race
- all good things about their culture must be seen as minimal, if at all. A person with free
- will can not be controlled. A person you believe never had it must be controlled. In this
- way, racism was a vital part of Imperialism.
- The best example of this is unfortunately a dark chapter in our American history -
- Slavery. When European settlers first went to Africa they saw the native population there
- as savage and primitive. They were just different, but the belief of superiority was
- overwhelming. The colonialists also saw them as easily controlled. So, in great
- numbers, black men, women, and children were brought to America to work as slaves.
- Racial stereotypes were prevalent to the continuation of the ôpeculiar institution.ö
- First, racism held that the Africans needed to be tamed. This ideal allowed for them to
- be taken from their homes and contained. It was, in the racistÆs view, good for them.
- In the early 1800Æs the need for the importation of slaves became unnecessary to
- bolster the number of workers for the fields. The slave trade was outlawed in 1808.
- America was evolving. The view of the slave needed to move with it. No longer did he
- need to be tamed. Slavery had to be justified though. The slave now became a happy
- worker. His lifestyle changed within the eyes of the American public. He became like a
- small child who needed to be nurtured.
- He was too dumb or too backward now to feed his family or run his own life. He
- never had free will and he never would get it. According to the beliefs of the day, the
- slave owners were doing their slaves a favor by feeding, clothing and housing them.
- They were all content and they always would be (in-class film).
- The racist view changed with the countries need. The black culture became
- whatever was most convenient for the slaveholders to continue to control them. If he
- needed the black man to be stupid; he was. That way he could keep him in the fields for
- the slaves own good, of course. If the slaveholder needed the black man to be crafty and
- sneaky; he was. That way the slave could be whipped for his own good, of course.
- Finally, after the Civil War, the impression that all blacks were violent and
- dangerous to society became dominant. This was in an attempt to re-control the
- African-American after his liberation. Some white Americans were so used to being
- superior to the blacks, they could not conceive of a world otherwise. They felt that
- principle slipping away from them. What better ways to regain it than with slander.
- They could regain their dominant position by maintaining the danger of the contrary.
- ôZip Coon,ö ôPickananies,ö ôMammy,ö were all used to degrade and de-humanize
- African Americans (in class film). This sinister, ever-changing racism was brought about
- by this lack of respect founded in the doctrine of Imperialism.
- In no place can both racism and a lack of respect for different societies be better
- understood than in the Pacific before and during World War II.. They shared the same
- Imperialistic view as the European powers. On August 1, 1940 a statement commenting
- on JapanÆs views on regional domination (The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere)
- was issued by Foreign Minister Matsuoka Yosuke.
- I have always said that the mission of Japan is to proclaim and
- demonstrate the kodo (Imperial Way) throughout the world. Viewed from
- the standpoint of international relations, this amounts...to enabling all
- nations and races to find its proper place in the world...(Dower 280-281).
- This proper place for Japan in Asia was at itÆs helm. The ôproper placeö for all other
- Orientals within itÆs sphere of influence was one of subordination. This showed a great
- lack of respect by Japan.
- This view worked in cooperation with racism. JapanÆs lake of tolerance for other
- cultures became apparent in a secret 1942-43 report. It stated that if Japan were to deal
- with those who are inherently unequal as equals it would be Japan who suffers. Yet, ôTo
- treat those who are unequal unequally is to realize equalityö (Dower 264). Belittling and
- dehumanizing is another way Japan reinforced their feeling of superiority.
- Of course, Japan is not the only nation who sought to expand their boundaries by
- hate during World War II. The propaganda has been used by whites and non-whites for
- thousands of years. These tools though, the lack of respect for different cultures and
- racism through Imperialism weakened the world. It has caused nations to war and great
- suffering. It does nothing to bring peace and everything to cause destruction.
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